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Barhatkin was the first Shahi King [1]

5th century

Dynasty King Areas
Shahi[2] King Khingala[2] Kapisa Kabul, Eastern Afghanistan, Gandhara North-West Frontier Province, Peshawar few regions of Punjab

7th century

Dynasty King Areas
Shahi[2] King Khingala[2] Kapisa Kabul, Eastern Afghanistan, Gandhara North-West Frontier Province, Peshawar few regions of Punjab

The last Turk Shahi ruler Lagaturman , [3] is deposed by his vazier and first Hindu Shahi King Kallar who was the followed by Samand followed by Kamala followed by Bhim [4]

9th century

Dynasty King Areas
Hindu Shahi Bhimdev Kapisa Kabul, Eastern Afghanistan, Gandhara North-West Frontier Province, Peshawar few regions of Punjab “ The Hindu Shahis owe their origins to Lalliya Brahmin minister in the service of Kabul’s Buddhist Kings . Lalliya took control of the state , which at its height extended from the Hindu Kush to the Himamayas , including Kabul and the Khyber Pass region of western Afghanistan,the Punjab region of northern India and Pakistan , and Himanchal Pradesh in the Himalayas . Their kingdom was bounded on the north by the Hindu Kingdom of Kashmir , on the east by Rajput kingdoms , on the south by the Muslim Kingdom of Sind , and on the west by the Abbasid Cliphate .^{[citation needed]} ”
Hindu Shahi[2] Jayapala was the son of Ishtpal or Astapal and father of Anandapala [5] Kapisa Kabul, Eastern Afghanistan, Gandhara North-West Frontier Province, Peshawar few regions of Punjab
Hindu Shahi Tirlochanpal was the son of Anandpal , Kapisa Kabul, Eastern Afghanistan, Gandhara North-West Frontier Province, Peshawar few regions of Punjab
Hindu Shahi Bhimpal was the son of Tirlochanpal , his death in 1028AD brought to an endthe Hindu Shahi dynasty [6] Kapisa Kabul, Eastern Afghanistan, Gandhara North-West Frontier Province, Peshawar few regions of Punjab

18th century

Year Date Event
1709 April 21 Mirwais Khan Hotak, the leader of the Ghilzai Afghans and mayor of Kandahar, killed the Persian-appointed governor Gurgin Khan and declared Kandahar independent.
1715 Mirwais Khan died of natural causes. His son, Mir Mahmud Hotaki, took the throne.
1722 The Afghan army captured the Persian capital, Isfahan. Mir Mahmud declared himself Shah of Persia.
1725 April 22 Mir Mahmud was murdered. His cousin Ashraf Khan succeeded him.
1729 September 29 Battle of Damghan: A Persian warlord, Nader Shah, defeated the forces of Ashraf Khan and forced them to retreat back into Afghanistan.
1747 Nadir Shah was assassinated. His former general, Ahmad Shah Abdali, was appointed king by loya jirga and established the Durrani Empire.

19th century

Year Date Event
1809 The Afghan king Shuja Shah Durrani signed a treaty of alliance with the United Kingdom.
May 3 Shuja was overthrown by his brother Mahmud Shah Durrani.
1826 Dost Mohammad Khan took the throne in Kabul, where he proclaimed himself amir.
1839 March First Anglo-Afghan War: A British expeditionary force captured Quetta.
August First Anglo-Afghan War: Shuja was reinstated to the throne.
1841 November First Anglo-Afghan War: A mob killed the British envoy to Afghanistan.
1842 January Massacre of Elphinstone's army: A retreating British force of sixteen thousand was wiped out by the Afghans.
1857 Afghanistan declared war on Persia.
Afghan forces captured Herat.
1878 January Second Anglo-Afghan War: Afghanistan refused a British diplomatic mission, provoking a second Anglo-Afghan war.
1879 May Second Anglo-Afghan War: To prevent British occupation of a large part of the country, the Afghan government ceded much power to the United Kingdom in the Treaty of Grandamak.
1880 July 22 Abdur Rahman Khan was officially recognized as amir of Afghanistan.

20th century

Year Date Event
1901 October 1 Habibullah Khan, son of Abdur Rahman Khan, become Amir of Afghanistan. He was a secular leader, brought western medicine, brought back political exiles like the Tarzi family and others, and repealed many of the harshest criminal penalties.
February 20 Habibullah Khan assassinated. His son Amanullah Khan declares himself king.
May Amanullah led a surprise attack against the British, beginning the Third Anglo-Afghan War.
August 19 Afghan Foreign Minister Mahmud Tarzi negotiated the Treaty of Rawalpindi, which fixed the Afghan-Indian border and secured Britain's recognition of Afghan independence.
1929 Amanullah was forced to abdicate in the face of a popular uprising. Amir Habibullah Kalakani took power. Kalakani was the Amir of Afghanistan for only nine months in 1929 after leading a successful revolt against King Amanullah with the help of various Pashtoon tribes, who were against the King's rapid modernization plans. After his defeat and execution by Mohammad Nadir, Kalakani was given the name: Bacha-i-Saqao, son of a water carrier. Kalakani was a Tajik from the Shamali area, and was probably born in 1890.He was the first Tajik to take power from Pashtuns in 350 years of the Pashtun rule.
The reactionary Mohammed Nadir Shah took control of Afghanistan.
1933 November 8 Nadir Shah was assassinated. His son, Mohammed Zahir Shah, was proclaimed king at the age of nineteen.
1964 A new constitution was ratified which instituted a democratic legislature.
1965 January 1 The Marxist People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) held its first congress.
1978 April 28 Saur Revolution: Military units loyal to the PDPA assaulted the Afghan Presidential palace, killing President Mohammed Daoud Khan.
May 1 Saur Revolution: The PDPA installed its leader, Nur Muhammad Taraki, as President of Afghanistan.
July A rebellion against the new Afghan government began with an uprising in Nuristan.
December 5 A treaty was signed which permitted deployment of the Soviet military at the Afghan government's request.
1979 September 14 Taraki was murdered by supporters of Prime Minister Hafizullah Amin.
December 24 Soviet war in Afghanistan: Fearing the collapse of the Amin regime, the Soviet army invaded Afghanistan.
December 27 Operation Storm-333: Soviet troops occupied major governmental, military and media buildings in Kabul, including the Tajbeg Presidential Palace, and executed Prime Minister Amin.
1988 April 14 Soviet war in Afghanistan: The Soviet government signed the Geneva Accords, which included a timetable for withdrawing their armed forces.
1989 February 15 Soviet war in Afghanistan: The last Soviet troops left the country.
1992 April 30 Civil war in Afghanistan (1989-1992): Forces loyal to Jamiat-e Islami took control of the capital, Kabul.
June 28 Jamiat leader Burhanuddin Rabbani was proclaimed president.
1994 The Taliban movement began to form in a small village between Lashkar Gah and Kandahar.
1996 September 27 Civil war in Afghanistan (1996-2001): The Taliban militia forced President Rabbani and his government out of Kabul.
Former DRA president Mohammad Najibullah, who had been living under UN protection in Kabul, was tortured, castrated and executed by Taliban forces.
1998 August Civil war in Afghanistan (1996-2001): The Taliban took control of Mazar-e Sharif.
August 20 As part of American Operation Infinite Reach about 75 cruise missiles were fired by the US into the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan at four militant training camps around Khost and Jalalabad: three camps in the Jarawah area near Khost, one of which, El Farouq, trained primarily Afghan Arabs, and Al Badr camp 10 miles to the west which also trained Afghan Arabs and was directed by bin Laden.The Khost camp, Zawhar Kili, was a summit meeting place for senior Arab leaders of Islamic militant organizations labeled as terrorist groups by NATO and linked to bin Laden. The attack was made partly in an attempt to assassinate him and other leaders. Cruise_missile_strikes_on_Afghanistan_and_Sudan_(August_1998)

21st century

Year Date Event
2001 September 11 September 11, 2001 attacks: Alleged members of Osama bin Laden's al-Qaeda organization, headquartered in Afghanistan, committed a series of terrorist attacks on the commercial and military centers of the United States.
September 20 United States president George W. Bush demanded that the Afghan government turn over all resident al-Qaeda members to the United States and close all resident terrorist training camps.
September 21 The government refused Bush's ultimatum.
October 7 War in Afghanistan (2001–present): The United States began an aerial bombing campaign against the Taliban.
2003 December 14 2003 loya jirga: A 502-delegate loya jirga (an attempt at a national council) was convened to consider a new Afghan constitution by US.
2004 October 9 Afghanistan holds its first democratic presidential elections.

References