Contents
See also: IPA, Consonants
Front
Near- front
Central
Near- back
Back
Close
Near-close
Close-mid
Mid
Open-mid
Near-open
Open
Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents
a rounded vowel. Vowel length is indicated by appending ː
a rounded vowel. Vowel length is indicated by appending ː
IPA – text ɪ
IPA – image
Entity ɪ
X-SAMPA I
Kirshenbaum I
Sound sample (help·info)
The near-close near-front unrounded vowel is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ɪ, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is I. The IPA symbol is a small capital letter i.
There is also a near-close central unrounded vowel in some languages.
Features
- Its vowel height is near-close, which means the tongue is positioned similarly to a close vowel, but slightly less constricted.
- Its vowel backness is near-front, which means the tongue is positioned similarly to a front vowel, but slightly further back in the mouth.
- Its vowel roundedness is unrounded, which means that the lips are not rounded.
Occurrence
Language Word IPA Meaning NotesCzech byli [ˈbɪlɪ] 'they were' See Czech phonology
Dutch ik [ɪ̽k] 'I' See Dutch phonology
English bit [bɪt] 'bit' See English phonology
French Quebec petite [pətsɪt] 'small' Occurs only in closed syllables. See Quebec French phonology
German bitte [ˈbɪtə] 'please' See German phonology
Irish duine [dˠɪnʲə] 'person' See Irish phonology
Mongolian[1] ? [xɪɾɘ̆] 'hillside'
Plautdietsch winta [vɪntə] 'winter'
Portuguese Brazilian[2] saque [ˈsakɪ] 'withdrawal' Unstressed vowel. See Portuguese phonology
Norwegian litt [lɪt] 'a little' See Norwegian phonology
Russian[3] дерево [ˈdʲerʲɪvə] 'tree' Occurs only in unstressed syllables. See Russian phonology
Scottish Gaelic thig [ɪk] 'come'
Sicilian arrìriri [arrɪriri] 'smile'
Swedish sill
[sɪl] (help·info)
'herring'
See Swedish phonology
Ukrainian кит [kɪt] 'whale' See Ukrainian phonology
Vietnamese chị [cɪi] 'elder sister' See Vietnamese phonology
References
- ^ Iivonen & Harnud (2005:62, 66-67)
- ^ Barbosa & Albano (2004:229)
- ^ Jones & Ward (1969:37)
Bibliography
- Barbosa, Plínio A.; Albano, Eleonora C. (2004), "Brazilian Portuguese", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 34 (2): 227–232
- Iivonen, Antti; Harnud, Huhe (2005), "Acoustical comparison of the monophthong systems in Finnish, Mongolian and Udmurt", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 35 (1): 59–71
- Jones, Daniel; Dennis, Ward (1969), The Phonetics of Russian, Cambridge University Press