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Millennium: 1st millennium BC
Centuries: 6th century BC – 5th century BC – 4th century BC
Decades: 430s BC 420s BC 410s BC – 400s BC – 390s BC 380s BC 370s BC
Years: 409 BC 408 BC 407 BC – 406 BC – 405 BC 404 BC 403 BC
406 BC by topic
Politics
State leaders – Sovereign states
Birth and death categories
Births – Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Establishments – Disestablishments
Ab urbe condita 348
Armenian calendar N/A
Bahá'í calendar -2249 – -2248
Bengali calendar -998
Berber calendar 545
Buddhist calendar 139
Burmese calendar -1043
Byzantine calendar 5103 – 5104
Chinese calendar 甲年
(2231/2291)
— to —
[[Sexagenary cycle|]]年(2232/2292)
Coptic calendar -689 – -688
Ethiopian calendar -413 – -412
Hebrew calendar 3355 – 3356
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat -350 – -349
- Shaka Samvat N/A
- Kali Yuga 2696 – 2697
Holocene calendar 9595
Iranian calendar 1027 BP – 1026 BP
Islamic calendar 1059 BH – 1058 BH
Japanese calendar
Korean calendar 1928
Thai solar calendar 138
Year 406 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Tribunate of Cossus, Ambustus, Cossus and Potitus (or, less frequently, year 348 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 406 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events
By place
Greece
- Callicratidas is appointed as the navarch of the Spartan fleet, replacing Lysander. Callicratidas assembles a fleet and sails to Methymna, on Lesbos, to which he lays siege. This move threatens the Athenian grain supply.
- Alcibiades is replaced by a board of generals. Athens sends a member of the board, Admiral Conon, to relieve the siege of Mytilene. To defend Lesbos, Conon is forced to move his numerically inferior fleet from Samos to the Hekatonnesi islands near Methymna. When Callicratidas attacks him, Conon is forced back to Mytilene, where he is blockaded by Callicratidas' Spartan fleet.
- Athens wins the Battle of Arginusae, near Lesbos, and the blockade of Conon is broken. To relieve Conon, the Athenians assemble a new fleet composed largely of newly constructed ships manned by inexperienced crews. This inexperienced fleet is inferior to the Spartans, but its commanders employ new and unorthodox tactics, which allow the Athenians to secure a dramatic and unexpected victory. The Spartan force is soundly defeated, and Callicratidas is killed.
- Returning to Athens after the battle, Theramenes leads Athenian agitation against the eight generals who have commanded in the engagement; the six who have returned to Athens are condemned for negligence in not having picked up survivors from the ships disabled in the battle. The Athenian generals (including Pericles' son) are put to death.
- Sparta sues for peace, which the Athenian leader Cleophon rejects. Sparta yields to demands by the Persian satrap Cyrus that Lysander command a fleet in the Hellespont.
Roman Republic
Carthage
- The Carthaginians again invade Sicily and attack Agrigentum (Acragas). Plague breaks out in their camp and Hannibal Mago dies. Himilco assumes command and captures Agrigentum (Acragas), Gela and Camarina. Gela is destroyed and its treasures sacked. The survivors take refuge in Syracuse. The plague is carried back to Carthage by its soldiers.
Births
Deaths
- Euripides, Athenian playwright (b. c. 480 BC)
- Hannibal Mago, Carthaginian general
- Sophocles, Athenian dramatist and politician (b. c. 495 BC)